Theqdor hellt-h aler



Patented Get. '5, 1926.

THJEODOR HELLTHEALER, E GRANSCHUTZ, GERTJEANY, ASSIGNOR TO THEFIRM: HUGOSTINNES RIEBECK MONTAN UNI) GLWERKE AKT. GES.. OF HALLE-ON-THE-SAALE,

- GERMANY.

PROCESS OF REFINIHG MINERAL OIL.

No Drawing. Application filed August 1, 1925, Serial No. 17,609, and inGermany March 21, 1925.

This invention relates to the process of refining mineral oils of everydescription.

which cause the formation of resins and asphalt are removed, but at thesame time a number of undesired secondary reactions take place, whichfor a long time have been the object of particular investigations. Forinstance, it is well known, that, besides acid resins, numerousoxidation products and sulfo compounds .are formed, which, owing totheir generally rather viscous consistency, contain considerablequantities of refined products. Furthermore by the subsequent inevitablewashing process the oils are emulsified, thereby causing the loss ofconsiderable quantities of oil.

Many experiments have been made to substitute other chemical agents forsulphuric acid. Thus among other substances anhydrous tin tetrachloridehas been proposed as a refining agent. However on subjecting mineraloils to the action of this product under the conditions described in theliterature a more or less violent reaction with the production of heatis observed which depends upon the quantity of the unsaturated compoundspresent. Each added drop is at once enclosed in a dark, spongy resinousmass, whereby the refining agent is prevented from further action uponthe mineral oil. Therefore with this method a sufiiciently refined andclarified oil. can only be obtained when employing considerablequantities of refining agents, and with very great loss of oil.

Now I have found that these disadvantages are avoided by subjecting themineral oils to the most reactive antimony pentahalids, for instanceantimony pentachloridc SbOl Oils refined with antimony pentahalids aredistinguished by a light color and a better smell than the originalproducts. The antimony pentahalids may be used in their concentratedform, but in some cases, when the oil to be refined contains a highpercentage of unsaturated compounds which would react with the antimonypentahalids too violently, or when owing to the abundant formation ofresin an insutficient utilization of the refining agent is to beexpected, it is advisable to dilute the antimony pentahalids with inertliquids or to distribute them on powdery bodies.

lVith my improved method asubsequent distillation is not needed in themost cases, as refined products of light color and free from asphalt maybe obtained at once. In some cases it is advisable to separate the stilldark-colored oil from the separated reaction products and to treat itwith basic bleaching earth, whereby, besides the absorption of thehydrochloric or other acid produced, at the same time the oil isbleached to a considerable extent, and the acid resins and antimonycompounds, which are still distributed in the oil, are absorbed.

My improved process forming the object of my present invention may alsobe used for refining mineral oils of every description such aspetroleum, shale oil, lignite tar, primary or low temperaturedistillation tar or their distillates.

Example.

A dark opaque dynamo oil showing specific gravity .at 20. G, 0,906;viscosity at 20 6., 11,5 (Englers scale) asphalt 0,1 p. ct. is treatedin a turbo-mixed with 5 p. ct. ofanhydrous antimony pentachloride,filtered and then bleached with 10 p. ct. of aluminumsilicate. Theproduct is at last washed with water and diluted hydrochloric acid. Inthis manner a light, transparent refined product is obtained having thefollowing properties, specific gravity at 20 0., 0,904; viscosity at 20(1., 11,2 E; asphalt, none.

The antimonous residue obtained in carrying out the improved process maybe reconverted to halids and anew used for refining purposes.

I claim:

1. The process of refining mineral oils which consists in treating theoils with anhydrous antimony pentahalids.

2. The process of refining mineral oils which consists in treating theoils with anhydrous antimony pentahalids diluted by inert substances.

3. The process of refining mineral oils which consists in treating theoils with anhydrous antimony pentahalids precipitated which consists intreating the oils with upon solid finely distributed carriers, anhydrousantimony pentahalids diluted by 4. The process of refining mineral oilsinert substances and thereafter with basic 10 which consists in treatingthe oils with bleaching earth.

5 anhydrous antimony pentahalids and there- In testimony whereof I aflixmy signaafter with basic bleaching earth. ture.

5. The process of refining mineral oils THEODOR HELLTHALER.

